What Is Endotracheal Tube? Its Uses, Advantages, And Disadvantages?

Endotracheal Tube
Endotracheal Tube

An Endotracheal Tube (ETT) is a long, thin tube that is inserted through the mouth or nose to aid breathing, deliver medications, and bypass blockages in the airway. It is also used to protect the lungs from foreign substances such as blood or gastric contents during surgery.

The ETT is a common tool in anesthesia and surgery. It has many benefits, but it is not without risks. For example, it can be a cause of ventilation-associated pneumonia, which is an infection that develops after long-term use of a tube in an intensive care unit. Breathing through an ETT is safe and can save life when patient having trouble breathing.

The Endotracheal Tube Market is anticipated to reach US$ 920.0 million in 2023 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 6.6% from 2023 to 2030.

A cuffed ETT reduces the risk of oral secretions entering the lung when the tube is inserted into the trachea. This type of tube has a soft donut-shaped balloon on the outside that is inflated with air to prevent secretions from traveling down into the lung.

The advantages of this device include the ability to support breathing during surgery, and remove a foreign object from airway, such as an epiglottis, a flap of tissue that hangs in the back of mouth to protect larynx (voice box). It also can help keep patient comfortable while they are on mechanical ventilation or prevent them from having problems with breathing after general anesthesia.

Another advantage of this device is that it allows a person to speak while the tube is in place. In addition, this type of tube does not extend into the trachea, making it easier to breathe than a standard Endotracheal Tube.

An ETT can be sized to accommodate an individual’s age and size. For children, a pediatric-sized ETT is recommended. It is also common to use a smaller tube for adults with special medical needs.

Intubation is a common procedure that can be performed under general anesthesia or in an emergency for respiratory failure. The tube is made of a material called polyvinyl chloride or other plastics. It's usually cuffed with an inflatable seal to stop air leakage and aspiration of food, blood, secretions, or other fluids that might be in the trachea. These tubes are available in sizes from 2 to 10.5 mm in internal diameter.

They are shaped to fit the trachea and can be used for a variety of procedures, including emergency medical procedures, surgery, and thoracic (chest) surgeries. Some are made from stainless steel or latex rubber, but most are made from polyvinyl chloride.

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