Tiamulin; an Antibiotic Used In Veterinary Medicine, Particularly For Pigs and Poultry

Tiamulin
Tiamulin

Tiamulin is a pleuromutilin antibiotic drug that is used in veterinary medicine, particularly for pigs and poultry. It is absorbed relatively quickly, metabolized in the liver, and eliminated from the bird's body after a 72-hour withdrawal period. Pleuromutilin acts by inhibiting protein synthesis at the ribosomal level. In veterinary medicine, pleuromutilin is used for treatment and prophylaxis of dysentery, pneumonia, and mycoplasmal infections in pigs and poultry. It is a crystalline powder which is available in soluble formulation around the world.

Mycoplasmal pneumonia is a chronic, typically clinically mild, infectious pneumonia of pigs. While, aspergillosis is a fungal disease commonly found to cause pneumonia in young chicks, hence it was frequently called brooder pneumonia. Tiamulin is clinically effective in treatment of swine dysentery and mycoplasmal arthritis. It is well absorbed when administered PO. In poultry, tiamulin interferes with monensin and salinomycin metabolism, and if the drugs are fed together, they become toxic. However, pleuromutilin has few adverse effects.

The use of pleuromutilin causes some negative effects, which is predicted to be a major stumbling block to the Tiamulin Market growth in the coming years. Swine dysentery is a severe, infectious disease characterized by mucohemorrhagic diarrhea and marked inflammation limited to the large intestine (cecum and/or colon). The dose of 11 mg/kg body weight (once daily) is used to treat pigs showing clinical signs of swine dysentery until clinical signs disappear, or for a maximum of 4 d and with a withdrawal period of 9 d before slaughter. Several products are FDA-approved for swine dysentery, but lincomycin, carbadox, and tiamulin seem to be most effective.

Tiamulin hydrogen fumarate is a semisynthetic derivative of diterpene antibiotic pleuromutilin used in poultry medicine to treat mainly Mycoplasma- and Brachyspira-related diseases. Thus, with the rise in awareness about veterinary care and increasing demand for pork and poultry meat, the demand for tiamulin is also increasing with a rapid pace across the globe, especially in Germany, Japan, and Mexico.

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